Disarmament and Sustainable Development

Children play by bullet riddled police station in Gao, Mali

Photo credit: UN Photo/Marco Dormino

The nexus between security and development is well illustrated by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which recognize that fragile and weak institutions threaten not only the security of States, but also the rights and safety of individuals and communities.

The proliferation of various types of weapons has tremendous impacts on many spheres of human life and nature, relating to multiple SDGs, including those relating to peace, justice and strong institutions (SDG 16), reduced inequalities (SDG 10), economic growth (SDG 8), health (SDG 3), gender equality (SDG 5), and safe cities and communities (SDG 11).

Despite the Secretary-General’s call for a global ceasefire, armed violence continues to hamper peace and sustainable development worldwide. Every day, 100 civilians are killed in armed conflicts despite protections under international law. Illicit trafficking of small arms and light weapons facilitates access to arms by terrorists and other criminal actors with devastating impacts for civilians, including women and children.

Agenda for Disarmament

In Resolution 75/43, the General Assembly showcases the linkage between disarmament and development supported in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and made explicit in the Secretary-General’s Agenda for Disarmament launched in 2018.

The Agenda points out four key areas along which disarmament helps achieve sustainable peace and development. These are:

DISARMAMENT TO SAVE HUMANITY

Reduce and eliminate weapons of mass destruction

DISARMAMENT THAT SAVES LIVES

Reduce and mitigate the impact of conventional weapons

DISARMAMENT FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS

Remain vigilant regarding new and emerging weapon technologies

STRENGTHENING PARTNERSHIPS FOR DISARMAMENT

Reinvigorate disarmament institutions and partner with Governments, experts, civil society, women and youth

Specific indicators identify how disarmament and arms control lead to peaceful and inclusive societies, justice and strong institutions (SDG 16). Indicator 16.4, for instance, specifies the significant reduction of illicit arms flows, that otherwise instigate, fuel and prolong armed conflict, terrorism and crime, as an important way to measure progress. Deaths from armed violence can further significantly be reduced through the prohibition and restriction of the use of certain types of weapons, and the establishment of effective controls of arms and ammunition, demonstrated in indicator 16.1. Indicator 16.8 measures the active engagement of all States, specifically developing countries, in multilateral disarmament discussions that can lead to more effective and sustainable policy outcomes. And finally, indicator 16.a informs progress on SDG 16 through the level of the institutional capacity of States to better control arms and ammunition and to engage in military confidence-building measures.

Through Indicator 16.4.2, UNODA, together with UNODC as co-custodian, collects data on the “proportion of seized, found or surrendered arms, whose illicit origin or context has been traced or established by a competent authority in line with international instruments”.

Through various projects and trust funds, UNODA continues to support concrete small arms control initiatives that foster sustainable development around the world. These include the United Nations Trust Facility Supporting Cooperation on Arms Regulation (UNSCAR), but also the newly established Saving Lives Entity (SALIENT), that was brought to life together with UNDP under the Peacebuilding Fund.